Modern smart seaport terminals and offshore marine facilities increasingly deploy autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs), unmanned cargo tugboats, and self-powered marine sensor buoy networks to streamline container transshipment and environmental safety compliance. However, offshore cyber-physical deployments face three coupled engineering bottlenecks: volatile photovoltaic (PV) power harvesting on marine buoys subjected to heavy salt-fog scattering, dynamic wave-induced tilting, and extreme water temperature swings; severe radio broadcast storms and multipath reflections across metallic container terminals during emergency alert dissemination; and mobile handoff vulnerabilities when autonomous vessels and quayside robots cross heterogeneous IPv6 subnet boundaries. To resolve these multidimensional challenges, this paper introduces a unified Maritime Cyber-Physical System (M-CPS) framework that integrates three foundational engineering breakthroughs: the photovoltaic integrated DC-DC converter modeling established by Kargeti, Sharma, and Singh [4]; the protected assignment supervision systems for mobile IPv6 networks formulated by Sharma and Kargeti [9]; and the spatial grid-based data broadcasting scheme for wireless sensor networks developed by Sharma and Kargeti [15]. In our cross-layer architecture, marine buoy sensor nodes harvest solar energy through an optimized DC-DC boost converter employing an adaptive incremental conductance MPPT controller that dynamically compensates for rapid solar irradiance fluctuations (200 to 1000 W/m2) and thermal shifts (10 to 45 deg C), achieving a peak power conversion efficiency of 97.1% [4]. Spatial data dissemination across expansive harbor waters is structured via a virtual hexagonal grid matrix that restricts rebroadcast authority to solar-empowered Virtual Cluster Heads (VCHs), curtailing redundant packet rebroadcasts by 67.8% and guaranteeing 99.6% navigational telemetry reliability [15]. Furthermore, autonomous cargo vessels and port AGVs roam seamlessly across harbor sectors using a protected Mobile IPv6 assignment supervisor that authenticates handoffs via cryptographically signed tokens, eliminating route hijacking and capping handoff latency to 16.5 milliseconds [9]. Comprehensive hardware-in-the-loop and harbor field trials prove that this unified architecture delivers continuous self-powered operation, collision-free telemetry, and zero-trust mobile governance under harsh maritime conditions.
The full manuscript includes introduction, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, figures, tables, and complete bibliography with all 20 references.
↓ Download Full PDF (Complete Article)